4.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves' preference，revealed most clearly on plantations1 where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy.
虽然古特曼承认，因为奴隶交易而导致的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱在那些奴隶交易并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来在非常大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制（monogamy）。
5.Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouragedthe transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
古特曼人让人信服地论辨道，黑人家庭的稳定能够帮助包含民间传闻、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在保持文化遗产方面也起着至关要紧有哪些用途，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的历程中予以丰富进步。
6.This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived2 fromWest African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal3 group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition5 against unions with close kin4.
古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱大概缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这类规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻（union with close kin）的禁止。
7.His thesis works relatively6 well when applied7 to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic8 competition， can be interpreted as also including hostility9 toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jewsin medieval Europe.
该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的概念即以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族角逐区域则被常见认作一种族可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人与中世纪的犹太人如此一些种族群体的敌视态度。
